Sutaसूत
Suta (सूत) is the traditional Bihar grading unit for raw makhana seed diameter, where a higher suta number indicates a larger seed — the standard retail and export grade is 5–6 suta (18–24 mm).
The suta system is the backbone of makhana quality assessment in Bihar's wholesale markets. The term "suta" literally means "thread" or "line" in Hindi, and traditionally referred to the number of radial lines visible on the seed surface, which correlated with size. In modern trade, suta is a direct measure of seed diameter. Grades range from 3 suta (small, approximately 10–12 mm, mostly used for local consumption) to 6 suta (jumbo, up to 24 mm). The suta grade directly determines the final product quality: larger seeds produce bigger, fluffier popped makhana with better plate appeal and higher pop yield. Serious buyers — including export traders, white-label manufacturers, and premium retail brands — specify suta grade in every procurement contract. Golden Deer standardises on 5–6 suta jumbo grade for all retail products.
Related Terms
4–5 suta is the standard culinary grade of raw makhana, measuring 14–18 mm in diameter — the most common grade used in HoReCa kitchens, processed snack manufacturing, and bulk cooking applications.
5–6 Suta Jumbo Makhana५-६ सूत जंबो मखाना5–6 suta jumbo is the highest commercial grade of raw makhana, measuring 18–24 mm in diameter — the largest, most premium grade reserved for retail snack brands, export markets, and white-label roasters who demand the biggest pops.
Hand Sortingहाथ से छँटाईHand sorting is the manual process of grading raw makhana seeds by size, colour, and integrity — removing discoloured seeds, broken pieces, and undersized grains to ensure consistent quality before popping or packaging.